Introduction to the Physics of Landslides - pocketboek

EAN (ISBN-13): 9789401781480
ISBN (ISBN-10): 9401781486
pocket book
Verschijningsjaar: 2011
Uitgever: Springer

Boek bevindt zich in het datenbestand sinds 2015-07-02T13:00:35+02:00 (Amsterdam)
Detailpagina laatst gewijzigd op 2023-01-17T21:02:27+01:00 (Amsterdam)
ISBN/EAN: 9789401781480

ISBN - alternatieve schrijfwijzen:
94-017-8148-6, 978-94-017-8148-0

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Gegevens van de uitgever

Auteur: Fabio Vittorio de Blasio
Titel: Introduction to the Physics of Landslides - Lecture notes on the dynamics of mass wasting
Uitgeverij: Springer; Springer Netherland
408 Bladzijden
Verschijningsjaar: 2014-11-23
Dordrecht; NL
Gedrukt / Gemaakt in
Gewicht: 0,646 kg
Taal: Engels
179,98 € (DE)
185,03 € (AT)
198,50 CHF (CH)
POD
XV, 408 p.

BC; Previously published in hardcover; Hardcover, Softcover / Geowissenschaften; Geowissenschaften; Verstehen; Engineering Geology; Geohazards; Granular media; Landslides; Rock avalanches; gravity; C; Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences; Environmental Physics; Soft and Granular Matter, Complex Fluids and Microfluidics; Physical Geography; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences; Environmental Physics; Soft and Granular Matter; Physical Geography; Earth and Environmental Science; Umwelt; Angewandte Physik; Physik der kondensierten Materie (Flüssigkeits- und Festkörperphysik); Physische Geographie und Topographie; BB

Preface.- 1. Introduction and problems.- 1.1 Landslides: an overview.- 1.1.1. What is a landslide?.- 1.1.2. Landslides as a geological hazard.- 1.1.3. Landslides as a geomorphic driving force.- 1.1.4. Physical aspects of landslides.- 1.2. Types of landslides.- 1.2.1. Geometrical characteristics of a landslide.- 1.2.2. Description of the seven types of movements.- 1.3. A physical classification of Gravity Mass Flows.- 2. Friction, cohesion, and slope stability.- 2.1. Friction and Cohesion.- 2.1.1. Normal and shear stresses.- 2.1.2. Friction.- 2.1.3. Cohesion.- 2.2. Slope Stability 2.2.1. A few words on slope stability.- 2.2.2. An example: layered slope. 2.2.3. A few basics concepts of soil mechanics and an application to slumps.- 2.2.4. Other factors contributing to instability.- 3. Introduction to fluid mechanics.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.1.1. What is a fluid?.- 3.2.Fluid static.- 3.3. Simple treatment of some topics in fluid dynamics.- 3.3.1. Fluid flow (key concept: velocity field, streamlines, streamtubes).- 3.3.2. Fluid flow in a pipe with a constriction (key concepts: continuity, incompressibility).- 3.3.3. Lift force on a half-cylinder (key concept: energy conservation and the Bernoulli equation).- 3.3.4. Flow of a plate on a viscous fluid (key concepts: no-slip condition, viscosity, Newtonian fluids).- 3.3.5. Fluid pattern around a cylinder (key concepts: Reynolds number, turbulence).- 3.4. Microscopic model of a fluid and mass conservation.- 3.4.1. The pressure in a gas is due to the impact of molecules.- 3.4.2. Viscosity.- 3.5. Conservation of mass: the continuity equation.- 3.5.1. Flux.- 3.5.2. Continuity equation in Cartesian coordinates.- 3.6. A more rigorous approach to Fluid Mechanics: momentum and Navier-Stokes equation.- 3.6.1. Lagrangian and Eulerian viewpoints.- 3.6.2. Momentum equation.- 3.6.3. Analysis of the forces.- 3.6.4. Adding up the rheological properties: the Navier-Stokes equation.- 3.7. Some applications.- 3.7.1. Dimensionless numbers in fluid dynamics.- 3.7.2. Application to open flow of infinite width channel.- 4. Non-Newtonian fluids, mudflows, and debris flows: a rheological approach.- 4.1. Momentum equations, rheology, and fluid flow.- 4.2. Dirty water: the rheology of dilute suspensions.- 4.3. Very dirty water: rheology of clay slurries and muds.- 4.3.1. Clay mixtures.- 4.3.2. Interaction between clay particles.- 4.3.2. Rheology of clay mixtures and other fluids.- 4.3.4. Bingham and Herschel Bulkley.- 4.3.5. Shear strength as a function of the solid concentration.- 4.3.6. Relationship between soil properties and fluid dynamics properties.- 4.4. Behavior of a mudflow described by Bingham rheology: one-dimensional system.- 4.5. Flow of a Bingham fluid in a channel.- 4.6. Rheological flows: general properties.- 4.6.1. Introduction.- 4.6.2. Geological Materials of rheological flows.- 4.6.3. Structure of a debris flow chute and deposit.- 4.6.4. Examples of rheological flows.- 4.7. Debris flows: dynamics.- 4.7.1. Velocity.- 4.7.2. Dynamical description of a debris flow.- 4.7.3. Impact force of a debris flow against a barrier.- 4.7.4. Quasi-periodicity.- 4.7.5. Theoretical and semiempirical formulas to predict the velocity.- 5. A short introduction to the physics of granular media.- 5.1 Introduction to granular materials.- 5.1.1. Solid mechanics: Hooke’s law, Poisson coefficients, elasticity.- 5.1.2. Granular media in the Earth Sciences. Angle of repose.- 5.1.3. Force between grains.- 5.2. Static of granular materials.- 5.2.1. Pressures inside a container filled with granular material.- 5.2.2. Force chains.- 5.3. Grain Collisions.- 5.3.1. Grain-wall collisions.- 5.3.2. Grain-grain collisions.- 5.4. Dynamics of granular materials; avalanching.- 5.4.1. General.- 5.4.2. Dynamics of granular materials at high shear rate: granular gases and granular temperature.- 5.4.3. Haff’s equation.- 5.4.4. Fluid dynamical model of a granular flow.- 5.5. Dispersive stresses and the Brazil nut effect.- 5.5.1. Dispersive pressure.- 5.5.2. Brazil nuts and inverse grading.- 6. Granular flows and rock avalanches.- 6.1. Rock avalanches: an introduction.- 6.1.1. Historical note.- 6.1.2. Examples of rock avalanches: a quick glance.- 6.1.3. The volumes of rock avalanches.- 6.2. Rock avalanche scars and deposits.- 6.2.1. Rock avalanche deposits: large-scale features.- 6.2.2. Rock avalanche deposits: intermediate-scale features.- 6.3 Dynamical properties of rock avalanches and stages of their development.- 6.3.1. Velocity of a rock avalanche.- 6.3.2. Stages in the development of a rock avalanche.- 6.4. Simple lumped mass and slab models for rock avalanches.- 6.4.1. A simple model of landslide movement.- 6.4.2. Use of energy conservation (1): runout of a Coulomb frictional sliding body.- 6.4.3. Use of energy conservation (2): calculation of the velocity with arbitrary slope path.- 6.4.4. A slab model.- 6.5. Application of the models to real case studies.- 6.5.1. Elm.- 6.5.2. The landslides of Novaya Zemlia test site.- 6.6. The fahrböschung of a rock avalanche.- 6.6.1. The importance of the centre of mass of the landslide distribution.- 6.6.2. Fahrböschung of a rock avalanche.- 6.7. How does a rock avalanche travel?.- 6.8 The problem of the anomalous mobility of large rock avalanches.- 6.8.1. Statement of the problem.- 6.8.2. A list of possible explanations.- 6.8.3. Explanations than do not require liquid or gaseous phases.- 6.8.4. Explanation of the anomalous mobility of rock avalanches invoking exotic mechanisms and new phases.- 6.9. Frictionites, frictional gouge, thermal effects, and behavior of rocks at high shear rates; fragmentation.- 6.9.1. Frictionite, melt lubrication, and the Kofels landslide.- 6.9.2. Vapor or gas at high pressure.- 7. Landslides in peculiar environments.- 7.1. Landslides falling into water reservoirs.- 7.1.1. General classification.- 7.1.2. Limit C landslide comparable to the water mass, C=1.- 7.2. Coastal landslides and landslides falling onto large water basins, C>1.- 7.2.1. General.- 7.2.3. Landslides propagating retrogressively from the sea to land.- 7.2.5. Generation and propagation of the tsunami in lakes and fjords.- 7.3. Landslides traveling on glaciers.- 7.3.1. General considerations.- 7.3.2. Dinamics of landslides traveling on glaciers.- 7.4. Landslides in the Solar System.- 7.4.1. Landslides on planets and satellites, except Mars.- 7.4.2. Landslides on Mars.- 8. Rockfalls, talus formation and hillslope evolution.- 8.1. Introduction to the problems and examples.- 8.1.1. General.- 8.1.2. Physical processes during a rock fall.- 8.2. Simple models of a simple object falling down a slope.- 8.2.1. Simple models of rolling, bouncing, gliding, and falling.- 8.3. Simple rockfall models.- 8.3.1. A simple lumped mass model.- 8.3.2. The CRSP model.- 8.3.3. Three-dimensional programs.- 8.4. The impact with the terrain.- 8.4.1. The physical process of impact against hard and soft ground.- 8.4.2. Coefficents of restitution and friction.- 8.4.3. Block disintegration and extremely energetic rockfalls.- 8.5. Talus formation and evolution.- 8.5.1. Kinds of talus and their structure.- 8.5.2. Physical processes on top of taluses.- 8.6. Topple.- 9. Subaqueous landslides.- 9.1. Introduction and examples.- 9.1.1. Some examples in brief.- 9.2. Peculiarities of subaqueous landslides.- 9.2.1. Types of subaqueous landslides.- 9.2.2. Differences between subaerial and subaqueous landslides.- 9.2.3. The H/R-volume diagram for submarine landslides.- 9.3. Triggering of subaqueous landslides (especially submarine).- 9.4. Forces on a body moving in a fluid.- 9.4.1. General considerations.- 9.4.2. Drag force.- 9.4.3. Skin friction.- 9.4.4. Added mass coefficient.- 9.5. Tsunamis.- 9.5.1. Introduction.- 9.5.2. Propagation of tsunami waves in the ocean.- 9.6. More dynamical problems.- 9.6.1. Outrunner blocks.- 9.6.2. Debris flows.- 9.6.2. Theories for the mobility of submarine landslides.- 10. Other forms of gravity mass flows with potentially hazardous effects.- 10.1. Lava streams.- 10.2. Ice avalanches.- 10.3. Catastrophic flood waves.- 10.4. Snow avalanches.- 10.5 Slow landslides and soil creep.- 10.5.1. Sackungs and lateral spreads.- 10.5.2. Soil creep and other superficial mass movements.- 10.6. Suspension flows: turbidites and turbidity currents, and relationship with submarine landslides.- 10.6.1. Turbiditic basins.- 10.1.2. Ancient turbidites.- 10.6.3. Flow of a turbidity current.- Appendix GeoApp (Geological and Geotechnical).- Appendix PhysApp (Physical).- Appendix MathApp (Mathematical).- References.-